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Introduction to C

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C language learned by suffering
C language learned by suffering

first of all

About bitter C
  1. Use of bitter C *not particularly necessary to read
  2. preface
  3. target reader
  4. bitter C license
Preparation before study
  1. Obtaining a Compiler
  2. Learning C Language Development Environment
Q&A
  1. The screen disappears instantly.
  2. How to get file size
  3. I want to use dynamic arrays & malloc

Part 0: Program Overview

Chapter 1: Program Overview
  1. What is the program?

Part 1: Basics

Chapter 1: The World's Smallest Program
  1. Programs that do nothing
  2. Compilers are translation software
  3. Exercise 1
Chapter 2: How to write a program
  1. Writing Rules
  2. Writing conventions
  3. Exercise 2
Chapter 3: Display on Screen
  1. String display
  2. newline character
  3. Exercise 3
Chapter 4: Numeric Display and Calculation
  1. Numeric Display
  2. Basic Calculations
  3. Type of value
  4. Exercise 4
Chapter 5: Numerical Memory and Calculation
  1. Memorize values
  2. Variable Type
  3. Type conversion
  4. Numeric justification
  5. Exercise 5
Chapter 6: Input from the keyboard
  1. Functions for input
  2. Fear of Input
  3. Exercise 6
Chapter 7: Comparison and Judgment
  1. Statements that make comparisons
  2. Operators for comparison
  3. Execution of multiple processes
  4. Exercise 7
Chapter 8: Case Processing
  1. Two case classifications
  2. Three or more case divisions
  3. Case Classification by Number
  4. Exercise 8
Chapter 9: Repetition with a fixed number of times
  1. Sentences that repeat themselves
  2. Loop Operation Mechanism
  3. Exercise 9
Chapter 10: Unknown number of repetitions
  1. Loop of unknown frequency
  2. input check
  3. Exercise 10
Chapter 11: How to Create Functions
  1. Create your own functions
  2. Passing numbers to functions
  3. Returns a number from a function
  4. Exercise 11
Chapter 12: Lifetime of Variables
  1. Variables whose life ends within the function
  2. Variables that survive to the end
  3. Variables that survive in the function
  4. Exercise 12
Chapter 13: Handling Multiple Variables at Once
  1. Multiple variables are handled together.
  2. How to use arrays
  3. Exercise 13
Chapter 14: How to handle strings
  1. How to Handle Characters
  2. How to handle strings
  3. string-handling function
  4. Exercise 14
Chapter 15: Pointer Variable Mechanism
  1. Memory Mechanism
  2. Relationship between variables and memory
  3. Identity of variables that need to be &attached
  4. Variable to store address
  5. Try using pointer variables
  6. Passing information by argument
  7. Strange relationship between &arrays and pointers
  8. Exercise 15
Chapter 16: Putting Multiple Types Together
  1. Putting together variables of different types
  2. Arguments of the structure
  3. Array of structures
  4. Exercise 16
Chapter 17: File Handling
  1. Reading and writing text files
  2. Reading and writing binary files
  3. Drug compliance
  4. Exercise 17
Chapter 18: Macro Functions
  1. Handling of invariant values
  2. Constant by other method
  3. Realization of simple functions
  4. Exercise 18
Chapter 19: Dynamic Arrays
  1. Create arrays at will
  2. Exercise 19
Chapter 20: Multiple Source Files
  1. Minimal division
  2. The Stone of Partition
  3. Exercise 20

Part 2: Application

General Purpose Computation
  1. Various calculations
  2. random number
keyboard input
  1. Enter as a single line of text

Part 3: Algorithms

What is an algorithm?
  1. Algorithm Overview
Sort
  1. bubble sort
encryption
  1. Caesar, Exclusive OR Method

Part 4: Others

column (e.g. in newspaper)
  1. The Bible in C?　K&R
  2. Completion of SWAP macro
C Language Simplified Reference
  1. Words and Symbols
  2. List of Standard Library Functions
Use of bitter C

You are free to reprint or otherwise reproduce the contents of the bitter C, but please clearly state that you are quoting from the bitter C.
(If it says "from bitter C" somewhere, it is OK.)
You are also free to use it as a textbook for students (new employees) at your school or company.
In doing so, you are free to modify the content and print it out for distribution.


About this Site

The C language (bitter C), which is learned by suffering, is
This is the definitive C language introductory site.
It systematically explains the basic functions of the C language and
It is as complete as or better than any book on the market.

Part 0: Program Overview
  1. What is the program?
Chapter 1: The World's Smallest Program
  1. Programs that do nothing
  2. Compilers are translation software
  3. Exercise 1
Chapter 2: How to write a program
  1. Writing Rules
  2. Writing conventions
  3. Exercise 2
Chapter 3: Display on Screen
  1. String display
  2. newline character
  3. Exercise 3
Chapter 4: Numeric Display and Calculation
  1. Numeric Display
  2. Basic Calculations
  3. Type of value
  4. Exercise 4
Chapter 5: Numerical Memory and Calculation
  1. Memorize values
  2. Variable Type
  3. Type conversion
  4. Numeric justification
  5. Exercise 5
Chapter 6: Input from the keyboard
  1. Functions for input
  2. Fear of Input
  3. Exercise 6
Chapter 7: Comparison and Judgment
  1. Statements that make comparisons
  2. Operators for comparison
  3. Execution of multiple processes
  4. Exercise 7
Chapter 8: Case Processing
  1. Two case classifications
  2. Three or more case divisions
  3. Case Classification by Number
  4. Exercise 8
Chapter 9: Repetition with a fixed number of times
  1. Sentences that repeat themselves
  2. Loop Operation Mechanism
  3. Exercise 9
Chapter 10: Unknown number of repetitions
  1. Loop of unknown frequency
  2. input check
  3. Exercise 10
Chapter 11: How to Create Functions
  1. Create your own functions
  2. Passing numbers to functions
  3. Returns a number from a function
  4. Exercise 11
Chapter 12: Lifetime of Variables
  1. Variables whose life ends within the function
  2. Variables that survive to the end
  3. Variables that survive in the function
  4. Exercise 12
Chapter 13: Handling Multiple Variables at Once
  1. Multiple variables are handled together.
  2. How to use arrays
  3. Exercise 13
Chapter 14: How to handle strings
  1. How to Handle Characters
  2. How to handle strings
  3. string-handling function
  4. Exercise 14
Chapter 15: Pointer Variable Mechanism
  1. Memory Mechanism
  2. Relationship between variables and memory
  3. Identity of variables that need to be &attached
  4. Variable to store address
  5. Try using pointer variables
  6. Passing information by argument
  7. Strange relationship between &arrays and pointers
  8. Exercise 15
Chapter 16: Putting Multiple Types Together
  1. Putting together variables of different types
  2. Arguments of the structure
  3. Array of structures
  4. Exercise 16
Chapter 17: File Handling
  1. Reading and writing text files
  2. Reading and writing binary files
  3. Drug compliance
  4. Exercise 17
Chapter 18: Macro Functions
  1. Handling of invariant values
  2. Constant by other method
  3. Realization of simple functions
  4. Exercise 18
Chapter 19: Dynamic Arrays
  1. Create arrays at will
  2. Exercise 19
Chapter 20: Multiple Source Files
  1. Minimal division
  2. The Stone of Partition
  3. Exercise 20

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